Toxic Exposure Risk Activity (TERA)

Depending on when, where, and what you did in service, the VA will presume you were exposed to certain toxins.

This presumption of exposure under This law does NOT in and of itself grant service-connection!

What it DOES do is entitles you to a Compensation and Pension examination with a Direct medical opinion, so long as you have a diagnosis or claim a symptom!

IMPORTANT NOTES:

  • This entitlement does automatically NOT apply to diagnosable Physical or Mental conditions! If you believe a physical or mental condition is due to your TERA exposure(s), then you will NEED to present medical evidence to support this belief.

  • Hearing loss and Tinnitus are NOT considered physical conditions.

  • Do NOT claim your exposure(s)! An exposure is NOT a disability! You MUST claim whatever you think your exposure caused.

  • The claimed condition(s) need NOT have started in service!

AGENT ORANGE NOTES:

  • The following conditions have been determined by the Secretary of the VA to have NO association with Agent Orange. Meaning, if the only TERA exposure is AO, then the VA CANNOT get a TERA medical opinion for the condition!

    • Cancers:

      • Bone and connective tissues;

      • Brain;

      • Digestive (anus, colorectal, esophageal, small intestines, and stomach);

      • Endocrine (including thyroid and thymus);

      • Eye;

      • Hepatobiliay cancers (bile ducts, gallbladder, and liver);

      • Leukemia (other than all chronic B-cell leukemias; including hairy-cell leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia);

      • Melanoma;

      • Mouth (including lips and tongue);

      • Nervous system;

      • Nonmelanoma cancers (basal cell and squamous cell);

      • Pancreatic;

      • Pleura, mediastinum, and other unspecified sites within the respiratory system and intrathoracic organs;

      • Pharynx; and

      • Reproductive (breast, cervix, ovary, penis, testes, uterus; excluding prostate)

    • Non-cancers:

      • Asthma;

      • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;

      • Circulatory conditions (other than hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and stroke);

      • Endometriosis;

      • Eye diseases;

      • Farmer’s lung;

      • Gastrointestinal, metabolic, and digestive disorders;

      • Hearing loss;

      • Immune system disorders (immune suppression, allergy, and autoimmunity);

      • Neurobehavioral disorders (cognitive and neuropsychiatric);

      • Neurodegenerative diseases (excluding Parkinson’s disease and Parkinsonism);

      • Osteoporosis; and

      • Peripheral nervous system disorders (besides early-onset peripheral neuropathy)

Sources of Toxic Exposures

Depending when, where, and what you did in the military will have potentially exposed you to various toxins.

When you file your claim you should identify (to the best of your ability):

  • What toxins you were exposed to (JP8, industrial solvents);

  • How you were exposed (as part of MOS duties, deployment, etc);

  • How did you interact with toxin(s) (touched, drank, inhaled, etc);

  • How often you were exposed (daily, once a month, etc);

  • How long did exposures generally last; and

  • If any protective equipment was used.

What follows are some common sources of exposures, also be sure to check out this page's "see also" for additional possible exposures.

Personal statement example

As an aircraft mechanic in the Navy I was exposed daily for 5 years to jet fuel, engine exhaust, oil, and solvents. When I worked, I was not provided any protective equipment. It was not unusual for me to spend hours covered from head to toe in these toxins and for my hands to develop cuts which were of course also covered in these toxins. I believe that rashes that cover my body are due to my toxic exposures.

IMPORTANT NOTE:

  • If your exposure(s) would be not be considered normal for your MOS. You should point out records which support your mentioned exposures. This could be personnel records which mention what you did, medical records mentioning an exposure, or a Buddy statement from someone who witnessed your exposures.



Preemptively Exposed

The VA has recognized several locations in which Veterans were exposed to a toxic environment.


Locations

If you severed in these locations, during these times you are considered to have been exposed to toxins:

On or after August 2, 1990:

  • Bahrain;

  • Iraq;

  • Kuwait;

  • Oman;

  • Qatar;

  • Saudi Arabia;

  • Somalia; or

  • United Arab Emirates.

On or after September 11, 2001:

  • Afghanistan;

  • Djibouti;

  • Egypt;

  • Jordan;

  • Lebanon;

  • Syria;

  • Yemen; or

  • Uzbekistan.


Military Occupation Specialty (MOS)

There are currently NO exposures that have been linked to certain MOSs (besides Navy and asbestos).

HOWEVER, if your MOS involved handling fuels, solvents, asbestos (construction, demolition, shipyards), PFAS (firefighting), etc. You can specifically indicate on your claim that you suspect your exposure during service led to your current disabilities.


Asbestos

Exposure to asbestos can lead to serious health risks if asbestos is inhaled. Symptoms of asbestos-related diseases, such as shortness of breath, coughing, and chest pain, often do not appear until 20 to 50 years after the exposure.

Routes of exposure:

  • Veterans who served in Iraq and other countries in that region could have been exposed to asbestos when older buildings were damaged and the contaminant released into the air.

  • MOS Based

Those who did work in:

Carpentry and construction;

Demolition of old buildings insulation installation;

Shipyards; and

Servicing of friction products, such as clutch facings and brake linings

The VA has so kindly made an incomplete list MOSs with their likelihood of asbestos exposure:

MOS Code
Job Title
Probability of Exposure
AA Airman Apprentice Minimal
ABE Aviation Boatswain’s Mate (Launch & Rec Equip) Probable
ABF Aviation Boatswain’s Mate Probable
ABH Aviation Boatswain’s Mate (Aircraft Handler) Probable
AC Air Traffic Controller Minimal
ACM Aviation Chief Metalsmith Probable
ADJ Aviation Machinist’s Mate (Jet Engine Mechanic) Probable
ADR Aviation Machinist’s Mate Probable
AE Aviation Electrician’s Mate Probable
AFCM Aircraft Maintenanceman (Master Chief) Minimal
AG Aerographer’s Mate Minimal
AK Aviation Storekeeper Minimal
AM Aviation Structural Mechanic Probable
AME Aviation Structural Mechanic (Safety Equipment) Probable
AMH Aviation Structural Mechanic (Hydraulics) Probable
AMS Aviation Structural Mechanic (Structural) Probable
AN Airman Minimal
AO Aviation Ordnanceman Minimal
AQ Aviation Fire Control Technician Highly Probable
AR Airman Recruit Minimal
ARM Aviation Radioman Probable
AS Aviation Support Equipment Technician Probable
AT Aviation Electronic Technician Probable
AW Aviation Antisubmarine Warfare Operator Probable
AX Aviation Antisub Warfare Technician Probable
AZ Aviation Maintenance Administrationman Minimal
B Boilermaker (WWII) Highly Probable
BU Builder Probable
BM Boatswain’s Mate Minimal
BR Boilermaker Highly Probable
BT Boiler Technician Highly Probable
CD Construction Driver Probable
CE Construction Electrician Probable
CM Construction Mechanic Minimal
CN Constructionman Probable
COX Coxswain Minimal
CS Commissaryman Minimal
CT Communication Technician Minimal
CTR Cryptologic Technician (Collections) Minimal
DC Damage Controlman Minimal
DK Disbursing Clerk Minimal
DP Data Processing Technician Minimal
DS Data System Technician Minimal
DT Dental Technician Minimal
EM Electrician’s Mate Probable
EN Engineman Probable
EO Equipment Operator Minimal
ET Electronics Technician Probable
FC Fire Controlman Highly Probable
FN Fireman Highly Probable
FP Pipefitter Highly Probable
FT Fire Control Technician Highly Probable
FTG Fire Control Technician (Guns) Highly Probable
GM Gunner’s Mate Minimal
GSM Gas Turbine System Technician (Mechanical) Probable
HC Hospital Corpsman Minimal
HN Hospitalman Minimal
HT Hull Maintenance Technician Highly Probable
IC Interior Communication Technician Probable
IM Instrumentman Highly Probable
LI Lithographer Minimal
MA Master-At-Arms Minimal
MLC Molder Probable
MM Machinist Mate Probable
MME Metalsmith Minimal
MN Mineman Minimal
MOMM Motor Machinist Mate Probable
MR Machinery Repairman Minimal
MS Mess Management Specialist Minimal
MT Missile Technician Probable
MU Musician Minimal
NC Navy Counselor Minimal
OM Opticalman Minimal
OSPC Operations Specialist Minimal
PC Postal Clerk Minimal
PH Photographer’s Mate Minimal
PHM Pharmacist Minimal
PN Personnelman Minimal
PRTR Printer Minimal
PT Photographic Intelligenceman Minimal
PTR Painter Probable
QM Quartermaster Minimal
RD Radarman Minimal
RM Radioman Minimal
RN Radarman Minimal
SA Seaman Apprentice Minimal
SC Ship’s Cook Minimal
SD Stewart Minimal
SF Shipfitter Minimal
SFM Shipfitter (Metal Smith) Minimal
SFP Shipfitter (Pipefitter) Minimal
SH Ship’s Serviceman Minimal
SK Storekeeper Minimal
SM Signalman Minimal
SN Seaman Minimal
SO Sonarman Highly Probable
SOM Soundman Highly Probable
ST Sonar Technician Highly Probable
STG/SOG Sonar Technician (Surface) Highly Probable
STS Sonar Technician (Submarine) Highly Probable
STM Steward’s Mate Minimal
SW Steelworker Probable
TA Stewart Apprentice Minimal
TD Trademan Minimal
TE Teletype Minimal
TM Torpedoman’s Mate Probable
TN Stewardsman Minimal
UT Utilitiesman Highly Probable
WT Water Tender Highly Probable
Y Yeoman Minimal

Common diseases related to asbestos exposure

Individual Longitudinal Exposure Record (ILER)

ILER is a report that contains exposures that DoD has identified you as being exposed to.

The VA with use this report as well as your Service Treatment and Personnel Records to create a TERA Memo. This memo will be used by the examiner to help them determine if your condition(s) are related to your exposures during service.

Additional Toxic Exposures

Here are some resources to help identify toxic exposures you may have been exposed to.

IMPORTANT NOTE:

  • If you use this resource as a reference for any exposure be sure to cite it and explain your exposure! As the person working your claim likely won't be checking this resource!

Earlier Effective Dates and TERA (Liberalizing Law)

If a condition is granted based on TERA exposures, the VA can grant an earlier effective date; if ALL of the following criteria are met:

  • Exposure(s) happened on or before August 10, 2022; AND

  • Condition was diagnosed on or before August 10, 2022.

If both conditions are meet then the VA can grant an earlier effective date based upon liberalizing law. Meaning the VA can assign an effective date up to ONE YEAR before the claim was initiated! Just no sooner than August 10, 2022.

For more information on effective dates click HERE.