Toxic Exposure Risk Activity (TERA)
Depending on when, where, and what you did in service, the VA will presume you were exposed to certain toxins.
This presumption of exposure under This law does NOT in and of itself grant service-connection!
What it DOES do is entitles you to a Compensation and Pension examination with a Direct medical opinion, so long as you have a diagnosis or claim a symptom!
IMPORTANT NOTES:
This entitlement does automatically NOT apply to diagnosable Physical or Mental conditions! If you believe a physical or mental condition is due to your TERA exposure(s), then you will NEED to present medical evidence to support this belief.
Hearing loss and Tinnitus are NOT considered physical conditions.
Do NOT claim your exposure(s)! An exposure is NOT a disability! You MUST claim whatever you think your exposure caused.
The claimed condition(s) need NOT have started in service!
AGENT ORANGE NOTES:
The following conditions have been determined by the Secretary of the VA to have NO association with Agent Orange. Meaning, if the only TERA exposure is AO, then the VA CANNOT get a TERA medical opinion for the condition!
Cancers:
Bone and connective tissues;
Brain;
Digestive (anus, colorectal, esophageal, small intestines, and stomach);
Endocrine (including thyroid and thymus);
Eye;
Hepatobiliay cancers (bile ducts, gallbladder, and liver);
Leukemia (other than all chronic B-cell leukemias; including hairy-cell leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia);
Melanoma;
Mouth (including lips and tongue);
Nervous system;
Nonmelanoma cancers (basal cell and squamous cell);
Pancreatic;
Pleura, mediastinum, and other unspecified sites within the respiratory system and intrathoracic organs;
Pharynx; and
Reproductive (breast, cervix, ovary, penis, testes, uterus; excluding prostate)
Non-cancers:
Asthma;
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;
Circulatory conditions (other than hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and stroke);
Endometriosis;
Eye diseases;
Farmer’s lung;
Gastrointestinal, metabolic, and digestive disorders;
Hearing loss;
Immune system disorders (immune suppression, allergy, and autoimmunity);
Neurobehavioral disorders (cognitive and neuropsychiatric);
Neurodegenerative diseases (excluding Parkinson’s disease and Parkinsonism);
Osteoporosis; and
Peripheral nervous system disorders (besides early-onset peripheral neuropathy)
Sources of Toxic Exposures
Depending when, where, and what you did in the military will have potentially exposed you to various toxins.
When you file your claim you should identify (to the best of your ability):
What toxins you were exposed to (JP8, industrial solvents);
How you were exposed (as part of MOS duties, deployment, etc);
How did you interact with toxin(s) (touched, drank, inhaled, etc);
How often you were exposed (daily, once a month, etc);
How long did exposures generally last; and
If any protective equipment was used.
What follows are some common sources of exposures, also be sure to check out this page's "see also" for additional possible exposures.
Personal statement example
As an aircraft mechanic in the Navy I was exposed daily for 5 years to jet fuel, engine exhaust, oil, and solvents. When I worked, I was not provided any protective equipment. It was not unusual for me to spend hours covered from head to toe in these toxins and for my hands to develop cuts which were of course also covered in these toxins. I believe that rashes that cover my body are due to my toxic exposures.
IMPORTANT NOTE:
If your exposure(s) would be not be considered normal for your MOS. You should point out records which support your mentioned exposures. This could be personnel records which mention what you did, medical records mentioning an exposure, or a Buddy statement from someone who witnessed your exposures.
Preemptively Exposed
The VA has recognized several locations in which Veterans were exposed to a toxic environment.
Locations
If you severed in these locations, during these times you are considered to have been exposed to toxins:
On or after August 2, 1990:
Bahrain;
Iraq;
Kuwait;
Oman;
Qatar;
Saudi Arabia;
Somalia; or
United Arab Emirates.
On or after September 11, 2001:
Afghanistan;
Djibouti;
Egypt;
Jordan;
Lebanon;
Syria;
Yemen; or
Uzbekistan.
Military Occupation Specialty (MOS)
There are currently NO exposures that have been linked to certain MOSs (besides Navy and asbestos).
HOWEVER, if your MOS involved handling fuels, solvents, asbestos (construction, demolition, shipyards), PFAS (firefighting), etc. You can specifically indicate on your claim that you suspect your exposure during service led to your current disabilities.
Asbestos
Exposure to asbestos can lead to serious health risks if asbestos is inhaled. Symptoms of asbestos-related diseases, such as shortness of breath, coughing, and chest pain, often do not appear until 20 to 50 years after the exposure.
Routes of exposure:
Veterans who served in Iraq and other countries in that region could have been exposed to asbestos when older buildings were damaged and the contaminant released into the air.
MOS Based
Those who did work in:
Carpentry and construction;
Demolition of old buildings insulation installation;
Shipyards; and
Servicing of friction products, such as clutch facings and brake linings
The VA has so kindly made an incomplete list MOSs with their likelihood of asbestos exposure:
MOS Code |
Job Title |
Probability of Exposure |
---|---|---|
AA | Airman Apprentice | Minimal |
ABE | Aviation Boatswain’s Mate (Launch & Rec Equip) | Probable |
ABF | Aviation Boatswain’s Mate | Probable |
ABH | Aviation Boatswain’s Mate (Aircraft Handler) | Probable |
AC | Air Traffic Controller | Minimal |
ACM | Aviation Chief Metalsmith | Probable |
ADJ | Aviation Machinist’s Mate (Jet Engine Mechanic) | Probable |
ADR | Aviation Machinist’s Mate | Probable |
AE | Aviation Electrician’s Mate | Probable |
AFCM | Aircraft Maintenanceman (Master Chief) | Minimal |
AG | Aerographer’s Mate | Minimal |
AK | Aviation Storekeeper | Minimal |
AM | Aviation Structural Mechanic | Probable |
AME | Aviation Structural Mechanic (Safety Equipment) | Probable |
AMH | Aviation Structural Mechanic (Hydraulics) | Probable |
AMS | Aviation Structural Mechanic (Structural) | Probable |
AN | Airman | Minimal |
AO | Aviation Ordnanceman | Minimal |
AQ | Aviation Fire Control Technician | Highly Probable |
AR | Airman Recruit | Minimal |
ARM | Aviation Radioman | Probable |
AS | Aviation Support Equipment Technician | Probable |
AT | Aviation Electronic Technician | Probable |
AW | Aviation Antisubmarine Warfare Operator | Probable |
AX | Aviation Antisub Warfare Technician | Probable |
AZ | Aviation Maintenance Administrationman | Minimal |
B | Boilermaker (WWII) | Highly Probable |
BU | Builder | Probable |
BM | Boatswain’s Mate | Minimal |
BR | Boilermaker | Highly Probable |
BT | Boiler Technician | Highly Probable |
CD | Construction Driver | Probable |
CE | Construction Electrician | Probable |
CM | Construction Mechanic | Minimal |
CN | Constructionman | Probable |
COX | Coxswain | Minimal |
CS | Commissaryman | Minimal |
CT | Communication Technician | Minimal |
CTR | Cryptologic Technician (Collections) | Minimal |
DC | Damage Controlman | Minimal |
DK | Disbursing Clerk | Minimal |
DP | Data Processing Technician | Minimal |
DS | Data System Technician | Minimal |
DT | Dental Technician | Minimal |
EM | Electrician’s Mate | Probable |
EN | Engineman | Probable |
EO | Equipment Operator | Minimal |
ET | Electronics Technician | Probable |
FC | Fire Controlman | Highly Probable |
FN | Fireman | Highly Probable |
FP | Pipefitter | Highly Probable |
FT | Fire Control Technician | Highly Probable |
FTG | Fire Control Technician (Guns) | Highly Probable |
GM | Gunner’s Mate | Minimal |
GSM | Gas Turbine System Technician (Mechanical) | Probable |
HC | Hospital Corpsman | Minimal |
HN | Hospitalman | Minimal |
HT | Hull Maintenance Technician | Highly Probable |
IC | Interior Communication Technician | Probable |
IM | Instrumentman | Highly Probable |
LI | Lithographer | Minimal |
MA | Master-At-Arms | Minimal |
MLC | Molder | Probable |
MM | Machinist Mate | Probable |
MME | Metalsmith | Minimal |
MN | Mineman | Minimal |
MOMM | Motor Machinist Mate | Probable |
MR | Machinery Repairman | Minimal |
MS | Mess Management Specialist | Minimal |
MT | Missile Technician | Probable |
MU | Musician | Minimal |
NC | Navy Counselor | Minimal |
OM | Opticalman | Minimal |
OSPC | Operations Specialist | Minimal |
PC | Postal Clerk | Minimal |
PH | Photographer’s Mate | Minimal |
PHM | Pharmacist | Minimal |
PN | Personnelman | Minimal |
PRTR | Printer | Minimal |
PT | Photographic Intelligenceman | Minimal |
PTR | Painter | Probable |
QM | Quartermaster | Minimal |
RD | Radarman | Minimal |
RM | Radioman | Minimal |
RN | Radarman | Minimal |
SA | Seaman Apprentice | Minimal |
SC | Ship’s Cook | Minimal |
SD | Stewart | Minimal |
SF | Shipfitter | Minimal |
SFM | Shipfitter (Metal Smith) | Minimal |
SFP | Shipfitter (Pipefitter) | Minimal |
SH | Ship’s Serviceman | Minimal |
SK | Storekeeper | Minimal |
SM | Signalman | Minimal |
SN | Seaman | Minimal |
SO | Sonarman | Highly Probable |
SOM | Soundman | Highly Probable |
ST | Sonar Technician | Highly Probable |
STG/SOG | Sonar Technician (Surface) | Highly Probable |
STS | Sonar Technician (Submarine) | Highly Probable |
STM | Steward’s Mate | Minimal |
SW | Steelworker | Probable |
TA | Stewart Apprentice | Minimal |
TD | Trademan | Minimal |
TE | Teletype | Minimal |
TM | Torpedoman’s Mate | Probable |
TN | Stewardsman | Minimal |
UT | Utilitiesman | Highly Probable |
WT | Water Tender | Highly Probable |
Y | Yeoman | Minimal |
Common diseases related to asbestos exposure
Individual Longitudinal Exposure Record (ILER)
ILER is a report that contains exposures that DoD has identified you as being exposed to.
The VA with use this report as well as your Service Treatment and Personnel Records to create a TERA Memo. This memo will be used by the examiner to help them determine if your condition(s) are related to your exposures during service.
Additional Toxic Exposures
Here are some resources to help identify toxic exposures you may have been exposed to.
IMPORTANT NOTE:
If you use this resource as a reference for any exposure be sure to cite it and explain your exposure! As the person working your claim likely won't be checking this resource!
Earlier Effective Dates and TERA (Liberalizing Law)
If a condition is granted based on TERA exposures, the VA can grant an earlier effective date; if ALL of the following criteria are met:
Exposure(s) happened on or before August 10, 2022; AND
Condition was diagnosed on or before August 10, 2022.
If both conditions are meet then the VA can grant an earlier effective date based upon liberalizing law. Meaning the VA can assign an effective date up to ONE YEAR before the claim was initiated! Just no sooner than August 10, 2022.
For more information on effective dates click HERE.